Climeworks, a Swiss startup specializing in direct air capture (DAC) technology, has inaugurated the world’s largest carbon capture plant in Iceland. Named “Mammoth,” this groundbreaking facility has the capacity to remove an impressive 36,000 tons of carbon dioxide (CO2) from the atmosphere annually, a tenfold increase compared to its predecessor, Orca.
Mammoth utilizes large fans to draw in air, filtering out CO2 through a chemical process. The captured CO2 is then mixed with water and injected deep underground into basalt rock formations, where it mineralizes and permanently transforms into stone within two years.
Iceland’s unique geology, abundant geothermal energy resources, and supportive regulatory environment make it an ideal location for DAC projects. The volcanic basalt rock formations provide an excellent medium for storing the captured CO2, while geothermal energy powers the plant’s operations, ensuring a minimal carbon footprint.
DAC technology, while still in its early stages, offers a promising solution for reducing atmospheric CO2 levels. It complements efforts to transition to renewable energy sources and reduce emissions. While DAC technology shows immense potential, challenges remain. The high costs associated with building and operating such facilities, coupled with the energy requirements, pose significant obstacles to widespread adoption.
Climeworks and other companies in the DAC space are actively working on scaling up the technology and reducing costs. Governments and investors are also recognizing the importance of DAC in meeting climate goals and are providing support for further research and development. As technology advances and economies of scale come into play, DAC is expected to become more cost-effective and energy-efficient.
